Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation

"Expert system is a somewhat archaic term that describes a computer program that simulates the judgment and behavior of a human or an organization that has expert knowledge and experience in a particular field. In artificial intelligence, an expert system is a computer system that emulates the decisionmaking ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning about knowledge, represented primarily as ifthen rules rather than through conventional procedural code. The ability to create intelligent machines has enthralled humans since ancient times, and now with the advent of the computer and 50 years of research into artificial intelligence (AI) programming techniques, the dream of smart machines is becoming a reality. The concept of human-computer interfaces has been undergoing changes over the years. Expert Systems for Human, Materials and Automation explain that the expert systems are products of the artificial intelligence, branch of computer science that seeks to develop intelligent programs for human, materials and automation. Expert systems have played a large role in financial services, healthcare, manufacturing and video games. Two early expert systems broke ground in the healthcare space for medical diagnoses: Dendral, which helped chemists identify organic molecules, and MYCIN, which helped to identify bacteria such as bacteremia and meningitis, and to recommend antibiotics and dosages. It is in artificial intelligence that expert systems have had the most impact, especially in finance, telecommunications, customer service, transportation, aviation, and more recently, written communication."